Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78)

B. B. S. Singhal ¹, R. P. Mathur ², D. C. Singhal ³, B. S. Mathur ³, V. K. Minocha ¹, A. K. Seth ¹, S. K. Sinha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Roorkee, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Roorkee, IN
3 Department of Hydrology, University of Roorkee, IN

Abstract

To assess quantitatively the effect of organic load from the Star Paper Mill on the quality of Hindon water, a dissolved oxygen sag model is developed by using Streeter-Phelps equation for a stretch of 7 km down-stream of the paper mill effluent and Hindon confluence. The critical DO deficit and critical time for minimum dissolved oxygen have been computed. The study reveals that severe anaerobic condition prevails in the river between a distance of 2.2 km to 3.6 km from the confluence of Paper Mill effluent with the Hindon river. The sag in dissolved oxygen curve is not fully apparent in the observed model; though the occurrence of reducing condition is correlated by field observations.

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D. C. Singhal ¹, Sri Niwas ², M. Shakeel ¹, E. M. Adam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Hydrology, University of Roorkee, Roorkee - 247 667, IN
2 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Roorkee, Roorkee - 247 667, IN

Abstract

The applicability of geophysical techniques has been examined for evaluating aquifer properties like transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity of alluvial anisotropic aquifers of Saharanpur area, Western Uttar Pradesh. The available pumping test data for various tube well sites is reinterpreted by using different methods for obtaining the aquifer characteristics. The available vertical electrical soundings (VES) data in the vicinity of the sites of pumping tests have been interpreted and true resistivity and thickness determined for each site under both isotropic and anisotropic conditions. Three types of empirical relations from the data are established for estimating the hydraulic parameters from electrical data: (i) Relation between hydraulic conductivity and apparent formation factor; (ii) Relation between hydraulic conductivity and a modified aquifer resistivity; (iii) Relation between transmissivity and modified transverse resistance.

It is concluded that in an alluvial area where Darcy flow is deemed to be valid, hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity of aquifers can be estimated with reasonable accuracy at aquifer level by using relations between hydraulic properties and resistivity parameters.

Keywords

Groundwater Hydrology, Aquifer Resistivity. Transverse Resistance, Uttar Pradesh.

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D. C. Singhal ¹

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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Sudhir Kumar ¹, Subrata Halder ², D. C. Singhal ³

Affiliations
1 National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee - 247 667, Uttarakhand, IN
2 State Water Investigations and Development Department, Kolkata - 700 091, IN
3 Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee - 247 667, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

Groundwater utilization in Nadia district, West Bengal has been subjected to rapid exploitation in the wake of increasing urbanization and production of agricultural commodities. It is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the existing trend and availability of groundwater in time and space and its movement for proper planning in future. In the present study, an attempt has been made develop a groundwater management model using Visual MODFLOW software. The groundwater flow model for the study area was formulated by using input hydrogeological data and appropriate boundary conditions. The groundwater flow pattern of the study area indicates the occurrence of base flow which feed both the Rivers Bhagirathi and Jalangi throughout the year. The computed hydraulic heads were calibrated by comparing with observed groundwater level data for years 2004 to 2006 and were verified with the data of 2007. The outcome of modeling shows that this model can be used for prediction purpose in the future by updating input boundary conditions and hydrologic stresses during the preceding year. The model optimized unit draft for deep tube well as 556.5 m³/day and the same for shallow tube well as 41 m³/day keeping the existing tube well structures in running condition and maintaining the present and recent past trends of groundwater level. The model can be further improved if more spatial and temporal input parameters are available and can be incorporated into the model for more realistic characterization of groundwater flow.

Keywords

Groundwater Modeling, Base Flow, Visual MODFLOW, Bhagirathi, Jalangi, Interfluve, Nadia, West Bengal.

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